1) were
2) was
3) Had been exploring
4) Had already established
5) didn't build
6) settled
7) Went
9) found
10) Had gone
11) lost
12) made
13) didn't make
14) was
15) Had recently aqcuired
16) was
17) Had illegaly crossed
18 ) arrived
19) Had been waiting
20) began
21) galloped
22) wanted
23) staked